Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Proximol convulated tube Bicarbonate reabsorption is initiated by the action of Na + /H + ion exchanger which allows Na + to enter into the cell and hydrogen into lumen part of nephron. In the lumen bicarbonate is Combined with H + and form carbonic acid which is rapidly dehydrated to H 2 O and CO 2 with the help of an enzyme and Carbonic anhydrase. CO 2 enters Into the epithelial cell by Simple diffusion and get H 2 O to form Carbonic acid by intracellular Carbonic anhydrase. Now, this intracellular Carbonic acid dissociates to forms hydrogen ion and bicarbonate. This hydrogen ion (H + ) gets back to the lumen through Na + /H + ion exchanger and bicarbonate Ion (HCO 3 ) is transported to the blood. When Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are introduced they inhibit Carbonic anhydrase enzyme which reduces the reabsorption of bicarbonate. Now due to this excessive fluid is excrted out in urine and helps to treat disease like Hyp