Ketoacidosis is a serious metabolic condition that can occur when there is insufficient insulin activity in the body. Here’s a simplified explanation: Insufficient Insulin : When the body doesn't have enough insulin, it cannot effectively use glucose for energy. Breakdown of Fat : To compensate, the body begins to break down fat for energy. Production of Ketone Bodies : This fat breakdown leads to the production of ketone bodies (such as acetone and acetoacetic acid), which are acidic. Blood Acidity : The accumulation of ketone bodies in the blood lowers the pH, causing acidosis (an acidic condition). Frequency in Type I Diabetes : Ketoacidosis is more common in patients with Type I diabetes than those with Type II diabetes due to the lack of insulin production. Excretion of Ketoacids : When ketoacids are excreted in the urine, they are accompanied by sodium (Na+), which prevents the exchange of protons (H+) for sodium. This leads to an increase in proton concentration, further co...