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What is plasma substituent? Cite the characteristic of an ideal substituent.


Plasma substituent is a fluid that is used to replace lost blood volume or to maintain blood pressure in situations where a person has experienced significant blood loss. It is a type of intravenous fluid that is given to patients to help stabilize their blood volume and prevent shock.

An ideal plasma substituent should have the following characteristics:

Similar osmolarity to blood: The fluid should have a similar concentration of ions and other solutes as blood plasma to prevent fluid shifts between compartments and maintain proper cell function.

Non-toxic: The fluid should not cause any harmful effects on the body.

Compatible with blood: The fluid should not cause any immune reactions or clotting when mixed with blood.

Long shelf life: The fluid should have a long shelf life to allow for widespread use and distribution.

Easily available: The fluid should be easily available and affordable to use in emergency situations.

Ability to maintain blood pressure: The fluid should be able to maintain blood pressure and blood volume.

No interference with laboratory tests: The fluid should not interfere with laboratory tests that are used to diagnose medical conditions.

Examples of plasma substituents include saline, lactated Ringer's solution, and albumin.

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