Black Catechu,Pale Catechu and Nat Gall

 

Name	Family	Biologycal source	Geogriphal source	Chemical constitutes	Uses
Black Catechu	Leguminosae.	Black catechu is a dried aqueous extract prepared from heartwood of Acacia catechu wild.	it is a native of India (Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Bihar, and Tamil Nadu.) and Found in Myanmar.	a mixture of cathechin isomers, acacatechin (2-12%), catechutannic acid of phlobatannin (25-35%), gum (20-30%), quercitrin , quercetin, and catechu red.	cooling and digestive properties, relaxed condition of throat and mouth, astringent in skin eruptions.
Pale Catechu	Rubiaceae	It is the dried aqueous extract of leaves and twigs of Uncaria gambier	Malaya and Cultivated in Indonesia, Malaya and Borneo.	catechins (7-33%), catechutannic acid (22-50%). Catechu red, quercetin, pyrogallol, Gambirfluorescein, fixed oil and wax. It contains not less than 70%water-soluble substance and not less than 60% alcoholic soluble portion.	Pale Catechu has astringent action and is used in diarrhoea, in lozenges, for tanning and dyeing fabrics brown or black.
Nat Gall	Fagaceae	Galls are vegetable outgrowths formed on the twigs of dyer’s oak. Quercus infectoria.	Turkey, Syria, Persia, Cyprus and Greece.	Gallo tannic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, β-sitosterol, methyl betulate, methyl oleonolate, Ca-oxalate, resin.	Source of tannic acid, tanning and dyeing industry, astringent and styptic,  production of ink