1.      write down the name of some antipsychotics which have the risk of agranulocytosis. Agranulocytosis is a severe side effect associated with certain antipsychotic medications. Some antipsychotics with a risk of agranulocytosis include: 1. Clozapine (Clozaril) 2. Olanzapine (Zyprexa) 3. Quetiapine (Seroquel) 4. Risperidone (Risperdal) 2. Positive and Negative symptoms of schizophrenia Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are those that involve an excess or distortion of normal functions. These symptoms include: 1. Hallucinations:  Sensory perceptions that occur in the absence of external stimuli, commonly auditory hallucinations (hearing voices), but can also involve visual, tactile, olfactory, or gustatory sensations. 2. Delusions:  Fixed false beliefs that are held despite evidence to the contrary. Delusions can be persecutory (belief of being targeted or mistreated by others), grandiose (belief of having exceptional abilities or status...

1.Autoimmune Diseases:    - Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues. Immunosuppressants help prevent further cell damage and inflammation by holding back the immune response. They can even induce remission in some autoimmune diseases.    - Conditions that may require immunosuppressants include:      - *Alopecia areata*      - *Inflammatory bowel disease* (such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis)      - *Lupus*      - *Multiple sclerosis (MS)*      - *Psoriasis* or *psoriatic arthritis*      - *Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)*¹. 2. Organ Transplants:    - After *organ transplantation*, the recipient's immune system may recognize the transplanted organ as foreign and attack it. Immunosuppressants are crucial to prevent this rejection.    - People who receive *kidney, **heart, **liver*, or other organ transp...

The statement "Bromine addition to butene is highly stereoselective anti-addition" refers to the reaction between butene (a type of unsaturated hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C4H8) and bromine (Br2), in which the bromine atoms add to the double bond in the butene molecule in a specific stereochemistry, known as "anti addition". When bromine reacts with butene, it forms an intermediate species called a bromonium ion, which is a type of three-membered ring structure consisting of two carbon atoms and a bromine atom. The stereochemistry of the bromonium ion is such that the bromine atom is situated above one face of the double bond and the two carbon atoms are above the other face. When the bromine atom adds to the double bond, it does so in an "anti" manner, meaning that it adds to the carbon atoms in opposite or "anti" orientation, as opposed to a "syn" orientation where the two bromine atoms would add to the same side of the d...